ABAP Select data from SAP table /GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP /GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to /GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the /GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF /GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM,
      WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM TYPE /GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: </GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM> TYPE /GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM /GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM
  INTO TABLE IT_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM /GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM ASSIGNING </GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
</GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM>-INFOTYPE = 1.
</GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM>-ABSENCE_TYPE = 1.
</GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM>-BEGDA = 1.
</GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM>-ENDDA = 1.
</GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM>-BEGIN_TIME = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM INTO WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM-END_TIME, sy-vline,
  WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM-ATTABS_HOURS, sy-vline,
  WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM-VTKEN, sy-vline,
  WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM-ABWTG, sy-vline,
  WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM-KALTG, sy-vline,
  WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM-HRSIF, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM INTO WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field COSTCENTER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM-COSTCENTER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM-COSTCENTER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ORDER_ID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM-ORDER_ID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM-ORDER_ID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ABPSN, internal->external for field WBS_ELEMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ABPSN_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM-WBS_ELEMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM-WBS_ELEMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR, 
INFOTYPE TYPE STRING,
ABSENCE_TYPE TYPE STRING,
BEGDA TYPE STRING,
ENDDA TYPE STRING,
BEGIN_TIME TYPE STRING,
END_TIME TYPE STRING,
ATTABS_HOURS TYPE STRING,
VTKEN TYPE STRING,
ABWTG TYPE STRING,
KALTG TYPE STRING,
HRSIF TYPE STRING,
ALLDF TYPE STRING,
ABRTG TYPE STRING,
ABRST TYPE STRING,
UMSKD TYPE STRING,
UMSCH TYPE STRING,
OBJECT_TYPE TYPE STRING,
OBJ_ID TYPE STRING,
COMP_CODE TYPE STRING,
COSTCENTER TYPE STRING,
ORDER_ID TYPE STRING,
WBS_ELEMENT TYPE STRING,
CUSTOMER01 TYPE STRING,
CUSTOMER02 TYPE STRING,
CUSTOMER03 TYPE STRING,
CUSTOMER04 TYPE STRING,
CUSTOMER05 TYPE STRING,
CUSTOMER06 TYPE STRING,
CUSTOMER07 TYPE STRING,
CUSTOMER08 TYPE STRING,
CUSTOMER09 TYPE STRING,
CUSTOMER10 TYPE STRING,
DEDUCTION TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-INFOTYPE sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-ABSENCE_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-BEGDA sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-ENDDA sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-BEGIN_TIME sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-END_TIME sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-ATTABS_HOURS sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-VTKEN sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-ABWTG sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-KALTG sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-HRSIF sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-ALLDF sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-ABRTG sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-ABRST sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-UMSKD sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-UMSCH sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-OBJECT_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-OBJ_ID sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-COMP_CODE sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-COSTCENTER sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-ORDER_ID sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-WBS_ELEMENT sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-CUSTOMER01 sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-CUSTOMER02 sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-CUSTOMER03 sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-CUSTOMER04 sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-CUSTOMER05 sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-CUSTOMER06 sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-CUSTOMER07 sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-CUSTOMER08 sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-CUSTOMER09 sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-CUSTOMER10 sy-vline 
WA_/GBHCM/S_ELR_ITEM_STR-DEDUCTION sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.