ABAP Select data from SAP table /DSD/VC_NALI into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP /DSD/VC_NALI table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to /DSD/VC_NALI. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the /DSD/VC_NALI table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_/DSD/VC_NALI TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF /DSD/VC_NALI,
      WA_/DSD/VC_NALI TYPE /DSD/VC_NALI,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: </DSD/VC_NALI> TYPE /DSD/VC_NALI.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_/DSD/VC_NALI.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM /DSD/VC_NALI
  INTO TABLE IT_/DSD/VC_NALI.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM /DSD/VC_NALI
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_/DSD/VC_NALI2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_/DSD/VC_NALI INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_/DSD/VC_NALI2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_/DSD/VC_NALI ASSIGNING </DSD/VC_NALI>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
</DSD/VC_NALI>-TABIX = 1.
</DSD/VC_NALI>-COLOR = 1.
</DSD/VC_NALI>-SELFL = 1.
</DSD/VC_NALI>-OBJKY_HEAD = 1.
</DSD/VC_NALI>-OBJECT_CAT_TEXT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_/DSD/VC_NALI INTO WA_/DSD/VC_NALI.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_/DSD/VC_NALI-OBJKY, sy-vline,
  WA_/DSD/VC_NALI-KAPPL, sy-vline,
  WA_/DSD/VC_NALI-KSCHL, sy-vline,
  WA_/DSD/VC_NALI-MSGNA, sy-vline,
  WA_/DSD/VC_NALI-NACHA, sy-vline,
  WA_/DSD/VC_NALI-PARVW, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_/DSD/VC_NALI you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_/DSD/VC_NALI TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_/DSD/VC_NALI INTO WA_/DSD/VC_NALI.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PARNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/DSD/VC_NALI-PARNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/DSD/VC_NALI-PARNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field SPRAS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/DSD/VC_NALI-SPRAS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/DSD/VC_NALI-SPRAS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit SPDEV, internal->external for field LDEST
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SPDEV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/DSD/VC_NALI-LDEST
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/DSD/VC_NALI-LDEST.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR, 
TABIX TYPE STRING,
COLOR TYPE STRING,
SELFL TYPE STRING,
OBJKY_HEAD TYPE STRING,
OBJECT_CAT_TEXT TYPE STRING,
OBJKY TYPE STRING,
KAPPL TYPE STRING,
KSCHL TYPE STRING,
MSGNA TYPE STRING,
NACHA TYPE STRING,
PARVW TYPE STRING,
PARNR TYPE STRING,
PNAME TYPE STRING,
VSTAT TYPE STRING,
SPRAS TYPE STRING,
AENDE TYPE STRING,
LDEST TYPE STRING,
PRILO TYPE STRING,
ERDAT TYPE STRING,
ERUHR TYPE STRING,
DATVR TYPE STRING,
UHRVR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-TABIX sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-COLOR sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-SELFL sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-OBJKY_HEAD sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-OBJECT_CAT_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-OBJKY sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-KAPPL sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-KSCHL sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-MSGNA sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-NACHA sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-PARVW sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-PARNR sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-PNAME sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-VSTAT sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-SPRAS sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-AENDE sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-LDEST sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-PRILO sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-ERDAT sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-ERUHR sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-DATVR sy-vline 
WA_/DSD/VC_NALI_STR-UHRVR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.