ABAP Select data from SAP table /CUM/CUNIT_IO into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP /CUM/CUNIT_IO table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to /CUM/CUNIT_IO. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the /CUM/CUNIT_IO table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_/CUM/CUNIT_IO TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF /CUM/CUNIT_IO,
      WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO TYPE /CUM/CUNIT_IO,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: </CUM/CUNIT_IO> TYPE /CUM/CUNIT_IO.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_/CUM/CUNIT_IO.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM /CUM/CUNIT_IO
  INTO TABLE IT_/CUM/CUNIT_IO.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM /CUM/CUNIT_IO
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_/CUM/CUNIT_IO2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_/CUM/CUNIT_IO INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_/CUM/CUNIT_IO ASSIGNING </CUM/CUNIT_IO>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
</CUM/CUNIT_IO>-MANDT = 1.
</CUM/CUNIT_IO>-CU_ID = 1.
</CUM/CUNIT_IO>-CUTYP = 1.
</CUM/CUNIT_IO>-STDNR = 1.
</CUM/CUNIT_IO>-MEINS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_/CUM/CUNIT_IO INTO WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-OBJNR, sy-vline,
  WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-BEGRU, sy-vline,
  WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-DATAB, sy-vline,
  WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-DATBI, sy-vline,
  WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-CU_BOM, sy-vline,
  WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-EQFNR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_/CUM/CUNIT_IO TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_/CUM/CUNIT_IO INTO WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field CU_ID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-CU_ID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-CU_ID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field STDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-STDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-STDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field CU_REF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-CU_REF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO-CU_REF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
CU_ID TYPE STRING,
CUTYP TYPE STRING,
STDNR TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
BEGRU TYPE STRING,
DATAB TYPE STRING,
DATBI TYPE STRING,
CU_BOM TYPE STRING,
EQFNR TYPE STRING,
BZGSOBJTYP TYPE STRING,
BZGSOBJ TYPE STRING,
CUTXT TYPE STRING,
TTEXT TYPE STRING,
BEGTX TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
CU_REF TYPE STRING,
WERKS_TEXT TYPE STRING,
MSEHT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-CU_ID sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-CUTYP sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-STDNR sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-BEGRU sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-DATAB sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-DATBI sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-CU_BOM sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-EQFNR sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-BZGSOBJTYP sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-BZGSOBJ sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-CUTXT sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-TTEXT sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-BEGTX sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-CU_REF sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-WERKS_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_/CUM/CUNIT_IO_STR-MSEHT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.