ABAP Select data from SAP table /SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
  Get ABAP code

Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP /SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to /SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the /SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF /SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON,
      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON TYPE /SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: </SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON> TYPE /SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM /SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON
  INTO TABLE IT_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM /SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON ASSIGNING </SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
</SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON>-MANDT = 1.
</SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON>-LGNUM = 1.
</SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON>-TANUM = 1.
</SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON>-FLGHUTO = 1.
</SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON>-PROCTY = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON INTO WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-TRART, sy-vline,
  WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-PRCES, sy-vline,
  WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-PROCS, sy-vline,
  WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-TOSTAT, sy-vline,
  WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-CREATED_BY, sy-vline,
  WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-CREATED_AT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON INTO WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPH0, internal->external for field TANUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPH0_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-TANUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-TANUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit TSTWH, internal->external for field CREATED_AT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_TSTWH_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-CREATED_AT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-CREATED_AT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit TSTWH, internal->external for field STARTED_AT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_TSTWH_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-STARTED_AT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-STARTED_AT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit BPMAP, internal->external for field OWNER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_BPMAP_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-OWNER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-OWNER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ENTITLED
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-ENTITLED
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-ENTITLED.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field ALTME
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-ALTME
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-ALTME.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field UNIT_W
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-UNIT_W
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-UNIT_W.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field UNIT_V
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-UNIT_V
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-UNIT_V.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field ZEIEI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-ZEIEI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-ZEIEI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit TSTWH, internal->external for field WDATU
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_TSTWH_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-WDATU
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-WDATU.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field STU_NUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-STU_NUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-STU_NUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit HUID, internal->external for field VLENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_HUID_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-VLENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-VLENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DTU_NUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-DTU_NUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-DTU_NUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit HUID, internal->external for field NLENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_HUID_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-NLENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-NLENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPH0, internal->external for field WAVE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPH0_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-WAVE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-WAVE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPH0, internal->external for field WAVE_ITM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPH0_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-WAVE_ITM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-WAVE_ITM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPH0, internal->external for field WHO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPH0_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-WHO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-WHO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PSA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-PSA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-PSA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field MMIM_MJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-MMIM_MJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-MMIM_MJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MMIM_MBLNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-MMIM_MBLNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON-MMIM_MBLNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
LGNUM TYPE STRING,
TANUM TYPE STRING,
FLGHUTO TYPE STRING,
PROCTY TYPE STRING,
TRART TYPE STRING,
PRCES TYPE STRING,
PROCS TYPE STRING,
TOSTAT TYPE STRING,
CREATED_BY TYPE STRING,
CREATED_AT TYPE STRING,
PRSRC TYPE STRING,
REASON TYPE STRING,
STARTED_AT TYPE STRING,
CAT TYPE STRING,
STOCK_DOCCAT TYPE STRING,
STOCK_DOCNO TYPE STRING,
STOCK_ITMNO TYPE STRING,
DOCCAT TYPE STRING,
STOCK_USAGE TYPE STRING,
OWNER TYPE STRING,
ENTITLED TYPE STRING,
VSOLM TYPE STRING,
NISTM TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
VSOLA TYPE STRING,
NISTA TYPE STRING,
ALTME TYPE STRING,
LETYP TYPE STRING,
WEIGHT TYPE STRING,
UNIT_W TYPE STRING,
VOLUM TYPE STRING,
UNIT_V TYPE STRING,
CAPA TYPE STRING,
SOLPO TYPE STRING,
ZEIEI TYPE STRING,
PLACE_INV TYPE STRING,
LOWCHK_INV TYPE STRING,
VFDAT TYPE STRING,
WDATU TYPE STRING,
COO TYPE STRING,
IDPLATE TYPE STRING,
VLTYP TYPE STRING,
VLPLA TYPE STRING,
SRSRC TYPE STRING,
STU_NUM TYPE STRING,
VLENR TYPE STRING,
NLTYP TYPE STRING,
NLPLA TYPE STRING,
DRSRC TYPE STRING,
DTU_NUM TYPE STRING,
NLENR TYPE STRING,
KZSUB TYPE STRING,
RDOCCAT TYPE STRING,
WAVE TYPE STRING,
WAVE_ITM TYPE STRING,
L2SKA TYPE STRING,
L2SKR TYPE STRING,
AAREA TYPE STRING,
WHO TYPE STRING,
QUEUE TYPE STRING,
PSA TYPE STRING,
ORD_CANCEL TYPE STRING,
MMIM_MJAHR TYPE STRING,
MMIM_MBLNR TYPE STRING,
MMIM_ZEILE TYPE STRING,
JIT_RELEVANCE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-LGNUM sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-TANUM sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-FLGHUTO sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-PROCTY sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-TRART sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-PRCES sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-PROCS sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-TOSTAT sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-CREATED_BY sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-CREATED_AT sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-PRSRC sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-REASON sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-STARTED_AT sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-CAT sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-STOCK_DOCCAT sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-STOCK_DOCNO sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-STOCK_ITMNO sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-DOCCAT sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-STOCK_USAGE sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-OWNER sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-ENTITLED sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-VSOLM sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-NISTM sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-VSOLA sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-NISTA sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-ALTME sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-LETYP sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-WEIGHT sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-UNIT_W sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-VOLUM sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-UNIT_V sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-CAPA sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-SOLPO sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-ZEIEI sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-PLACE_INV sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-LOWCHK_INV sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-VFDAT sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-WDATU sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-COO sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-IDPLATE sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-VLTYP sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-VLPLA sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-SRSRC sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-STU_NUM sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-VLENR sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-NLTYP sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-NLPLA sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-DRSRC sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-DTU_NUM sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-NLENR sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-KZSUB sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-RDOCCAT sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-WAVE sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-WAVE_ITM sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-L2SKA sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-L2SKR sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-AAREA sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-WHO sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-QUEUE sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-PSA sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-ORD_CANCEL sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-MMIM_MJAHR sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-MMIM_MBLNR sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-MMIM_ZEILE sy-vline 
WA_/SCWM/S_TO_DYNSEL_MON_STR-JIT_RELEVANCE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.