ABAP Select data from SAP table /SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP /SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to /SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the /SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF /SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB,
      WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB TYPE /SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: </SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB> TYPE /SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM /SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB
  INTO TABLE IT_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM /SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB ASSIGNING </SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
</SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB>-MANDT = 1.
</SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB>-LOCID = 1.
</SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB>-LOCNO = 1.
</SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB>-PNGUID = 1.
</SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB>-PNAME = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB INTO WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB-RETSETID, sy-vline,
  WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB-APOVERSID, sy-vline,
  WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB-APOVERS, sy-vline,
  WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB-VBEDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB-VENDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB-SETNAME, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB INTO WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit VRSIO, internal->external for field APOVERS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_VRSIO_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB-APOVERS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB-APOVERS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
LOCID TYPE STRING,
LOCNO TYPE STRING,
PNGUID TYPE STRING,
PNAME TYPE STRING,
RETSETID TYPE STRING,
APOVERSID TYPE STRING,
APOVERS TYPE STRING,
VBEDATE TYPE STRING,
VENDATE TYPE STRING,
SETNAME TYPE STRING,
RETNAME TYPE STRING,
RETID TYPE STRING,
AUTH TYPE STRING,
SETDESCR TYPE STRING,
RETDESCR TYPE STRING,
RETTYPE TYPE STRING,
SUBTYPE TYPE STRING,
STATUS TYPE STRING,
AGGR TYPE STRING,
KNOBJID TYPE STRING,
KNOBJ TYPE STRING,
RETOFFSET TYPE STRING,
INTEXT TYPE STRING,
EFFID TYPE STRING,
EFFNAME TYPE STRING,
UNITTIME TYPE STRING,
PERICHA TYPE STRING,
FIRSTCB TYPE STRING,
FIRSTCD TYPE STRING,
LASTCB TYPE STRING,
LASTCD TYPE STRING,
TMSTMP TYPE STRING,
TMSTMP_RSET TYPE STRING,
RDELFLG TYPE STRING,
LDELFLG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-LOCID sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-LOCNO sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-PNGUID sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-PNAME sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-RETSETID sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-APOVERSID sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-APOVERS sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-VBEDATE sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-VENDATE sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-SETNAME sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-RETNAME sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-RETID sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-AUTH sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-SETDESCR sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-RETDESCR sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-RETTYPE sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-SUBTYPE sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-STATUS sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-AGGR sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-KNOBJID sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-KNOBJ sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-RETOFFSET sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-INTEXT sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-EFFID sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-EFFNAME sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-UNITTIME sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-PERICHA sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-FIRSTCB sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-FIRSTCD sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-LASTCB sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-LASTCD sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-TMSTMP sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-TMSTMP_RSET sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-RDELFLG sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/RET_FROM_DB_STR-LDELFLG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.