ABAP Select data from SAP table /NFM/NF_COMM into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP /NFM/NF_COMM table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to /NFM/NF_COMM. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the /NFM/NF_COMM table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_/NFM/NF_COMM TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF /NFM/NF_COMM,
      WA_/NFM/NF_COMM TYPE /NFM/NF_COMM,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: </NFM/NF_COMM> TYPE /NFM/NF_COMM.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_/NFM/NF_COMM.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM /NFM/NF_COMM
  INTO TABLE IT_/NFM/NF_COMM.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM /NFM/NF_COMM
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_/NFM/NF_COMM2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_/NFM/NF_COMM INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_/NFM/NF_COMM2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_/NFM/NF_COMM ASSIGNING </NFM/NF_COMM>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
</NFM/NF_COMM>-MANDT = 1.
</NFM/NF_COMM>-KAPPL = 1.
</NFM/NF_COMM>-BELNR = 1.
</NFM/NF_COMM>-POSNR = 1.
</NFM/NF_COMM>-BLT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_/NFM/NF_COMM INTO WA_/NFM/NF_COMM.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-ORG, sy-vline,
  WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-PARNR, sy-vline,
  WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-WERKS, sy-vline,
  WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-BUKRS, sy-vline,
  WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-KWMNGL, sy-vline,
  WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-WADAT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_/NFM/NF_COMM you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_/NFM/NF_COMM TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_/NFM/NF_COMM INTO WA_/NFM/NF_COMM.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field BME
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-BME
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-BME.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EIND
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-EIND
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-EIND.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/NFM/NF_COMM-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
KAPPL TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
BLT TYPE STRING,
ORG TYPE STRING,
PARNR TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
KWMNGL TYPE STRING,
WADAT TYPE STRING,
NES TYPE STRING,
NFS TYPE STRING,
NDT TYPE STRING,
NKU TYPE STRING,
NKW TYPE STRING,
KDT TYPE STRING,
NMO TYPE STRING,
EDS TYPE STRING,
STK TYPE STRING,
STB TYPE STRING,
VGW TYPE STRING,
BME TYPE STRING,
VGE TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
EIND TYPE STRING,
EDM TYPE STRING,
EDB TYPE STRING,
TOL TYPE STRING,
KNL TYPE STRING,
BZU TYPE STRING,
BEK TYPE STRING,
BEM TYPE STRING,
BEB TYPE STRING,
KZN TYPE STRING,
BWR TYPE STRING,
BCU TYPE STRING,
BZS TYPE STRING,
KZS TYPE STRING,
HWAER TYPE STRING,
BKW TYPE STRING,
KK2 TYPE STRING,
KK3 TYPE STRING,
KGW1 TYPE STRING,
KGU1 TYPE STRING,
EING TYPE STRING,
BOESL TYPE STRING,
BMG TYPE STRING,
VBTYP TYPE STRING,
AUDAT TYPE STRING,
MBDAT TYPE STRING,
TDDAT TYPE STRING,
FSP TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BSTYP TYPE STRING,
MENGE TYPE STRING,
BEDAT TYPE STRING,
LFDAT TYPE STRING,
WEDAT TYPE STRING,
KZSLW TYPE STRING,
KPOSN TYPE STRING,
KZUEI TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-KAPPL sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BLT sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-ORG sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-PARNR sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-KWMNGL sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-WADAT sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-NES sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-NFS sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-NDT sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-NKU sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-NKW sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-KDT sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-NMO sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-EDS sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-STK sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-STB sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-VGW sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BME sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-VGE sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-EIND sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-EDM sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-EDB sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-TOL sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-KNL sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BZU sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BEK sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BEM sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BEB sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-KZN sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BWR sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BCU sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BZS sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-KZS sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-HWAER sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BKW sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-KK2 sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-KK3 sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-KGW1 sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-KGU1 sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-EING sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BOESL sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BMG sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-VBTYP sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-AUDAT sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-MBDAT sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-TDDAT sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-FSP sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BSTYP sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-MENGE sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-BEDAT sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-LFDAT sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-WEDAT sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-KZSLW sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-KPOSN sy-vline 
WA_/NFM/NF_COMM_STR-KZUEI sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.